Europan 11 의 설계경기 주제

어떤 음악이든 그 섹터별 장르를 내재하지 못하면, 시대를 대변하지 못합니다. 작곡가와 연주가 그리고 가수가 있어 그 장르의 역사성과 흐름을 이어옵니다. 이는 모든 예술에 해당된다고 봅니다. 건축도 예외 일 수 없습니다.

건축은 건축물로 구현되는 시대 정신이 건축가라는 설계자(=화가=작곡가=조각가=공예가)를 통하여 인간의 삶이 가능토록 하는 점에 있어 다른 여느부문보다 장대하고 중요하다고 할 수 있습니다. 아주 대단한 개인적 사회적인 건축 예산이 투입됩니다. 국내에는 커나가는 건축가들을 대상으로 건축의 장르를 잇게하고, 시대적 소명인 건축의 사회적 역할을 주제로 삼아 설계 경기를 제공하는 행운이 없습니다. 단지 각 교육기관의 단위별, 학교 수업과제물 해결에 그치므로 그것은 수업을 진행하는 해당 교수의 자의적 해석이 강할 것으로 봅니다.

다행이 유럽은 우리와는 다릅니다. 앞서가는 정부 , 포괄적인 고려, 선진적인 정부의 투자로 인간의 삶에 만족을 불어놓는 건축 행위를 장려합니다. 주거지에서 시작하여 공공시설, 각 도시와의 연계, 소통의 문화, 예술의 상호 교류가 가능한 도시의 개발에 이르기 까지 여러 주제를  시현한 설계경기를 제도적으로 실시하고 있습니다. 여기 그 결과물인 유러판 설계경기를 소개합니다. 부러운 일입니다.. 작은 비용으로 그 잘 짜여져 진행되는 24개월이 소요되는 설계경기 결과를 접하게 되는 것입니다.

(맨 끝에는 심사위원의 명단이 있습니다.)

Topic e11  유러판 11은 다음과 같은 주어진 과제의 목적, 그 해답에 접근하는 방법과 질적인 내면의 포함,…즉 아래의 조건을 충족하는 설계경기를 진행한다….The Europan 11 competition is taking place in conditions marked by a strong commitment amongst European cities to very stringent environmental objectives. Following the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in 2009, municipalities became aware of the importance of what they do alongside central government to limit greenhouse gas emissions, control energy consumption and manage (or preserve) rare and non renewable resources such as water, as well as to diminish pollution of different kinds. As a general rule, they are trying to achieve greater autonomy, in both food and energy, and want to develop societal innovations in order to encourage every Citizen to adopt an eco-responsible lifestyle. These geopolitical concerns need to be reflected in the design of urban spaces at the urban and architectural scale.


THE OBJECTIVE 목적 : 누구에게나 긍정적으로 받아드릴 수 있는 도시 개발 URBAN ADAPTATION

Good-quality planning with a focus on sustainability should generate an evolution in its environmental and human components that is consistent on all scales. It has become a strategic factor, since it can enhance the economic, social and cultural attractiveness of a region, city or locality, and also boost local identity.

THE CHALLENGE: TO COMBINE URBAN AND NATURAL FABRIC
For a municipality, the quest for sustainability entails the production of areas that bring quality of life to everybody, in other words the appropriation of public space and ease of access to amenities and services.
A sustainable approach also involves tackling the question of nature. Whether developed, wild or in the form of local agriculture, nature needs to be reconciled with the urban fabric in order to enhance the territories of the city and protect resources, biodiversity and the urban future.


THE PRIORITIES우선적으로 중시할 조건 : 과밀집 해결을 유념하고, DENSIFICATION, 자유로운 이동을 구현할 수 있어야 하고 , 그리고 상호 쉬운 연결(연계…교통 문화 기타 사회적 연결…) ACCESSIBILITY AND CONNECTION 이 시현되는 설계

A city or conurbation that is seeking to achieve a degree of sustainability must moderate its horizontal expansion in order to limit its consumption of unbuilt land and thereby prevent urban sprawl. Sometimes it may even need to recycle or reduce its built-up areas, and reorder its existing fabric. In any case, thinking about the future requires the development of a prospective approach to the identification of local specificities.
The sharing of created spaces and access to the different municipal services promotes social relations between citizens.
Whatever their scale, areas interact and it is essential to develop these connections and interdependencies
in systems that extend from the local to the global. These connections must also allow access to knowledge and the confrontation of ideas.

THE REQUIREMENT 설계 요건 : 도심의 현재재의 성장과정을 전개시키는 능력을 기본으로 하여 …TO DESIGN URBAN PROCESSES WITH THE CAPACITY TO EVOLVE

For this purpose, Europan 11 entrants will need to propose an environmental development strategy and projects that have the potential to evolve and take account of the specific identity of the different locations.
Project designs will also need to include a method of achieving development that is appropriate to the scale of the site, despite the unknowns that may arise with the passing of time.
To fulfil this goal, the architect will need to bring together multiple skills (planning, landscape, environmental, economic, etc.). Only a synergy between different approaches will meet the challenge.


SITES 과제에 주어진 대지 : INCORPORATING CONTEXTUAL DIVERSITY 소위 다양하게 내재된 흐름들을 통합해 내는

Geographical and territorial locations have their own specific character, so the remit will need to be diverse to obtain solutions that reflect the particular requirements of the site.
This is because every site, whatever its size, interferes with the surrounding area and this interference will depend on its scale. It will have to contribute to ensure that every new local or wider operation constitutes an enhancement within a global context by adding significant value. Finally, the site forms part of a specific urban culture that differs from country to country, which will need to be identified to allow competitors to take it into account.


SCALES 규모: STRATEGY 전략 , IDEAS 구상 AND PROJECTS 프로젝트

The diversity inherent to the conditions, not to say the specific problems of each participating European country, means that three different scales need to be distinguished, ranging from the wider surrounding area to the specific location:
1- Global strategic scale (the scale given to the competitors)
  - The metropolitan area (spatial conurbation consisting of autonomous and interlinked urban units) and the city
(urban space of activity and habitat with diversity and mixture)
2- Ideas scale (scale used by competitors to define the problems to be resolved)
  - The district and its relations with the neighbouring districts
3- Scale of the urban and architectural project (focus of the design process)
  - The urban fragment and plots


INFORMATION ON THE SITES 과제 대지에 대한 정의

These scales correspond to spaces of different sizes, which will need to be defined precisely for each site and on the basis of the contexts provided.
Each Europan 11 site pack will therefore contain three types of information for entrants, corresponding to the three scales:
- The political objectives of the city or conurbation in terms of sustainability (economic, social and cultural) together with the big territorial determinants (networks, usages, density, etc.), whether current or future.
- The specificities of the area where the site is located and the outlines of future evolution.
- The actual project site where operations are likely to occur after the competition, with all the information needed to understand existing conditions and the hoped-for changes.

1.Identity 독자적인 상징성  

특정 지역이 갖는 주체적 상징성은 세계적으로 공감되는 보다 광의의 개성과 관련성을 가져야 한다.

Linking the local and the global addresses the question of identity, its visible and imaginary components, what constitutes the character of a place. 최근의 우리는 우리 스스로를 고립시키는 독자적인 패러독스를 내세우는 경향이 있다.But we are confronted with a paradox. While the cities become more identifiable in a global context, 세계도시들 가지는 독특한 내제적 특징들이 지구상으로 공감되는 시대에 있어 …어쩌면 설계 취향이 지방색에서 우러나는 개설을 상실하게 하는 경향도 우려되지만,…they risk losing identity on a local level. 이러한 대치를 어떻게 극복 할 것인지…How can we resolve this conflict, reconcile the scales, create a contemporary image of European urbanity? 그래서 유러판을 통한 공동적 접근이 필요하지 않겠는가???

1A - FROM A MARGINAL STATUS TO A SIGNIFICANT IMAGE

어떤 주어진 과제 대상의 대지들은 각각 나름의 의미를 내재할 수 있도록 그에 따른 구상이 꼭 필요한 경우가 있다.Some sites require imagination to be transformed into meaningful places, as they are currently unoccupied, lacking specificity or real meaning. 그곳들은 도시의 일 부분으로 다시 자리매김을 해야 하는 곳 들이다. They need to be reclaimed as part of the city, either by connecting them to the existing fabric or by defining a new identity that citizens can appropriate, in order to avoid creating new enclaves.즉 불충분한 접근으로 새로 구상한 결과물들이 또 다른 이방적인 것일 만들어 냈다는 비난으로부터 해방 되어야 한다.   But in this change of identity, 이러한 변화는 또한 기존의 유산으로 내려오는 것들을 존속시켜야 하는 당위성에 부합되어야 함은 물론이다.  there is nevertheless the question retaining existing remnants, protecting a heritage.

LEEUWARDEN (NL)
PEJË/PEC (KO)
SIMRISHAMN (SE)
WIEN (AT)

1B - FROM A QUESTION TO A NEW CHARACTER  개성넘치는 새로운 설계 결과물을 요구하는 것에 훌륭한 답이 되도록 …

비록 주어진 땅이 비워져 있는 대지는 아닌 경우가 있으나, 현재 관점에서 만족스럽지 못한 건축물이 들어서 있는 경우로 이를 개선/재 개발해야 하는 과제를 안고 있는 곳 들이다. 새로운 프로그램으로 접근하여 개발 되어 질 타겟 대지들이 여럿 있다고 본다. 현재의 구조물을 활용하여 새로운 모습을 갖추게 됨으로써 보다 역동적인 도시모양이 갖춰 지며 , 그 지역의 상징적 건물이 될 것이다

Although the sites are not empty spaces, their current state is rather unsatisfactory and there is a strong wish for improvement and greater visibility. Through new programs to be developed in certain cases, the existing structures could be made more dynamic by introducing new urban spaces and landmarks.

AMSTERDAM (NL)
DUBLIN (IE)
DUBROVNIK (HR)
IBBENBÜREN (DE)
SESTAO (ES)
WITTSTOCK (DE)

1C - FROM OBSOLETE IDENTITY 이미 진부해져 버린 개성을  TO 새로운 개성으로 거듭나게 하는 NEW IDENTITY

As the current occupation is obsolete, inappropriate or simply underused, there is a desire for a new spirit, brought about by new programs, additional values and better connections with the surroundings. All of the sites have to tackle their cultural heritage, either physically where there are remaining buildings, or indirectly in terms of a collective memory handed down from their past.

DEVENTER (NL)
EINDHOVEN (NL)
GRAZ (AT)
NEUILLY-SUR-MARNE (FR)
OSLO (NO)
REIMS (FR)

2. Uses  주어진 과제의 대지에 대한 활용을 위한 설계 경기의 주목적이 부여되어 있습니다.

Introducing a new use to a site 주어진 대지에 새로운 활용의 생명을 불어 넣는 곳은 아주 전략적인 시도이다 is a strategic move with a wide array of implications 즉 연게 되는 다른 지역을 고려해서,… in very different areas, from the purely architectural to the social or economic 설계는 건축의 순수한 접근도 필요하지만 그 지역의 경제적 여건도 고려하여 구상 되어야 한다. . The program is the main concern in redefining the relation between global and local 그 지역의 특징적 요건들이 우리 가 사는 지구동네의 개성에 걸맞도록 재 정의 되어야 하고…. The starting point for each site is different과제 대지의 시작 여건은 서로 다르지만, , but we can identify 결국 다음의 세 가지의 하위 주제로 귀결 되는데,…three subgroups according to the relation between the components 조합 and the context,내재적 흐름  and their relative sizes그리로 연계되는 건물의 크기가 그것이다..

2A - FROM FALLOW LANDS 현재의 생산적이지 못한 땅을 TO 사람이 공존하는 도시로 바꾸고…CITY LIFE

Fallow land is land that is currently unproductive. Whether greenfield (agricultural), brownfield (industrial) or greyfield (asphalt), underused areas invite municipalities to inject new programs. What strategies can bring a rich city life to these sites? How can new urban areas be designed for maximum quality of life but minimum footprint? What are the contemporary ways of living together?

ALMERE (NL)
INGOLSTADT (DE)
MONTHEY (CH)
SAMBREVILLE (BE)
SZEGED (HU)
WARSZAWA (PL)

2B - FROM ISOLATION 고립으로부터 TO 서로 통합되어 어우러지게 하는 … SOCIAL INTEGRATION

A collection of fragments, an isolated segment, a clearing in a forest - a small local operation could offer an opportunity to alter the whole context. What kind of programme could enhance the surrounding areas? How can design provide an open platform for social and economical integration? What missing piece could help make sense of the whole puzzle?

CAPELLE AAN DEN IJSSEL (NL)
CLERMONT-FERRAND (FR)
LINZ (AT)
MALMÖ (SE)
WÜRZBURG (DE)

2C - FROM IN-BETWEEN PLACES 분할 된 어떤 지역 이라도  TO  이를 서로 활용하는 곳으로 바꾸는 것 SHARED SPACES

Here, the in-between space may just be empty space, with no qualities that might prompt people to linger, stay, inhabit, with no sense of place or belonging. A space only fit for cars or passing traffic. How can empty space be turned into public space? How can pedestrian slow flows slows be encouraged? What programmatic elements can provide a reference point for a shared urban life?

AIGLE (CH)
KØBENHAVN (DK)
NYNÄSHAMN (SE)
RØDOVRE (DK)
SELB (DE)

3. Connectivity

 In the context of sustainable development, the theme of "connectivity" relates to methods of interlinking the global and the local, scales of space and time, natural environments and social environments. What exists is revisited from a dynamic perspective on the relationship between mobilities, urban practices and public spaces.

3A - FROM BORDER 서로 경계로 분할된 것으로부터 TO 서로를 봉합시키는 …SEAM

How do you effect the shift from a boundary (infrastructure, topography, etc.) that creates separation to a seam that establishes links? The boundary (between town and country, suburban and urban, between districts, etc.) can be changed in numerous ways to develop new urban connectivities.

ALCALÁ  DE LA SELVA (ES)
ALLERØD (DK)
MARCHE-EN-FAMENNE (BE)
TOULOUSE (FR)
TURKU (FI)

3B - FROM VOID 비워져 공허한 곳에서  TO 서로 오가는 연계 되는  이웃으로 LINK

Sites are characterized as leftovers from infrastructure or green pockets in urbanized areas. They offer an opportunity to build new housing and to create a new space that not only connects different urban patterns within the city, where they are located, but also connects different groups of people. Empty spaces have an inherent potential for the development of high-quality public space, in terms of ambition, ecology, social value and culture, to create spaces that are genuinely shared by different social groups.

CERDANYOLA DEL VALLÈS (ES)
GETARIA (ES)
HAUGESUND (NO)
NORRKÖPING (SE)
SAN BARTOLOMÉ (ES)

3C - FROM PLACE 협소한  작은 지역으로부터  TO  특성을 가진 고유의 지방 특성을 만들 수 있는 TERRITORY

Contemporary urban environments are outcomes of all sorts of processes introducing territorial dynamics within local environments and upscaling local micro activities onto territorial scale. New connections are created, or reinforced, within the main metropolitan space. Some communities join forces into larger territorial groupings to encourage such connectivities. When territorial dynamics dominate local environments there is a need to respond to their impact. How can such a place take advantage of this dominance of the territorial to establish connectivities without being overwhelmed by the impact of the incomer.

ALCORCÓN (ES)
GUIMARÃES (PT))
PORVOO (FI)
ROMAINMÔTIER (CH)
SAVENAY (FR)
SKIEN-PORSGRUNN (NO)
STAINS (FR)

Europan 11심사위원

Félix Arranz, arquitecto y editor, Barcelona
Jordi Badía, arquitecto y profesor, estudio BAAS, Barcelona
Juan Domingo Santos, arquitecto y profesor, Granada
Javier García-Germán, arquitecto, premio EUROPAN 10
Gloria Iriarte, arquitecta, IMB arquitectos, Bilbao
Jesús Irisarri, arquitecto y profesor, A Coruña
Kristine Jensen, arquitecta paisajista, Copenhague
Nuno Ravara, arquitecto, Herzog & de Meuron
Gaia Redaelli, arquitecta, Milán

Suplente: Sebastià Jornet